DLDevLadder📒 My Notebook
Roadmap › 5. Automation & Industry 4.0 › Step 54
4.0

Industry 4.0 & IIoT — Smart Manufacturing Software

The four industrial revolutions and Industry 4.0 pillars, IIoT architecture (edge, gateway, cloud), MQTT and Sparkplug B, the unified namespace, ISA-95 and MES functions, OEE and downtime analytics, traceability and genealogy, time-series data, digital twins, predictive maintenance and AI, Azure/AWS IoT platforms, building it with .NET, and the Industry 4.0 interview questions.
Quick revision for interview day. Print it or save it as a PDF.

Concepts

Industry 4.0 = CPS + IIoT + cloud/edge + analytics/AI · IT/OT convergence · vertical (sensor→ERP) and horizontal (supply chain) integration · Industry 5.0 = human-centric, resilient, sustainable.

Levels & systems

ISA-95: 0 field · 1 PLC · 2 SCADA/HMI · 3 MES/historian · 4 ERP. ERP plans (days), MES executes (minutes), PLC controls (ms).

OEE

OEE = Availability × Performance × Quality · A = run/planned · P = ideal cycle × count / run · Q = good/total · six big losses · world class ≈ 85 %.

Protocols

OPC UA (machine access, information model, security) · MQTT (pub/sub, QoS 0/1/2, retained, LWT) · Sparkplug B (namespace + birth/death) · Unified Namespace on an MQTT broker.

Use cases

Real-time OEE & downtime · traceability/genealogy · SPC & quality · predictive maintenance · energy monitoring · digital twin & virtual commissioning · computer-vision inspection · AI assistants.

.NET stack

Worker Service edge (OPC UA .NET, NModbus, MQTTnet) · IoT Hub/Event Hubs · ASP.NET Core API + SignalR · SQL Server (RLS, columnstore, partitions) + time-series DB · Angular/React dashboards · Docker/K8s · OpenTelemetry.